Evaluation of different body temperature measurement methods for patients in the intraoperative period.

OBJECTIVES: this study aimed at estimating and comparing the reliability of temperature measurements obtained using a peripheral infrared temporal thermometer, a central cutaneous thermometer ("Zero-Heat-Flux Cutaneous thermometer") and an esophageal or nasopharyngeal thermometer among elective surgical patients in the intraoperative period. METHOD: a longitudinal study with repeated measures carried out by convenience sampling of 99 patients, aged at least 18 years old, undergoing elective abdominal cancer surgeries, with anesthesia lasting at least one hour, with each patient having their temperature measured by all three methods. RESULTS: the intraclass correlation coefficient showed a low correlation between the measurements using the peripheral temporal thermometer and the central cutaneous (0.0324) and esophageal/nasopharyngeal (-0.138) thermometers. There was a high correlation (0.744) between the central thermometers evaluated. CONCLUSION: the data from the current study do not recommend using infrared temporal thermometers as a strategy for measuring the body temperature of patients undergoing anesthetic-surgical procedures. Central cutaneous thermometers and esophageal/nasopharyngeal thermometers are equivalent for detecting intraoperative hypothermia.

Oral hygiene in critically ill patients at a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil: a best practice implementation project.

OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to promote evidence-based practices relat. ed to the oral health of critically ill patients in an intensive care unit in Brazil. INTRODUCTION: The oral hygiene of patients on mechanical ventilation is an essential component of nursing care quality, and well-defined guidelines ensure appropriate care. Mechanical ventilation is associated with the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, which can increase mortality, length of stay, time on mechanical ventilation, and hospital costs. METHODS: This project was guided by the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework, which consists of seven stages: (1) identification of the area of practice to be changed, (2) involvement of change agents, (3) context assessment and readiness for change, (4) review of practices against evidence-based audit criteria, (5) implementation of practice changes, (6) reassessment of practices using a follow-up audit and (7) consideration of the sustainability of changes in practice. RESULTS: Four audit criteria were developed to evaluate compliance with best practices. In the follow-up audit, Criteria 1, 2, and 3 obtained compliance of ≥ 80%. Thus, for Criterion 1, all the patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were evaluated by the oral medicine team, resulting in 100% compliance. For Criterion 2 on appropriate oral hygiene measures, a compliance rate of 80% was achieved. For Criterion 3, 39 professionals (90.7%) participated in educational activities related to the oral health protocol for critically ill patients, obtaining 90.7% compliance. For Criterion 4 regarding patients being evaluated before receiving any oral health care, improvement was low (only 50%), revealing the need for further improvement. CONCLUSION: This best practice project improved the professional practice of nursing staff and increased compliance with best practices for the oral health of critically ill patients. SPANISH ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A175.

Bathing with wipes impregnated with chlorhexidine gluconate to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infection in critically ill patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Recommendations for different types of bathing to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are still divergent. The objective of this study was to verify whether bed bathing with wipes impregnated with 2% chlorhexidine (CHG) compared to conventional bed bathing is more effective in preventing CLABSI. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature by consulting the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from the date of inception until July 1, 2023, with no language or time restrictions. RESULTS: A total of 84,462 studies were examined, of which 6 were included in the meta-analysis. Data from 20,188 critical care patients included in primary studies were analyzed. The meta-analysis found that bed bathing with wipes impregnated with 2% CHG reduced the risk of CLABSI by 48% compared to conventional bed bathing (risk ratio 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.73), and this is moderate-quality evidence. The reduction in length of stay in the intensive care unit and length of hospital stay as well as the risk of death were not significantly different between the study groups. Whether bed bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes increases the occurrence of skin reactions is unclear. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides moderate-quality evidence that daily bathing with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes is safe and helps prevent CLABSI among adult intensive care unit patients.

Model proposal for calculating waste associated with processing consigned surgical instruments. / Propuesta de modelo para el cálculo de desperdicio asociado al procesamiento de instrumental quirúrgico consignado.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the waste generated from processing surgical instruments consigned in elective orthopedic surgeries and propose a model for calculating waste associated with processing consigned surgical instruments. METHOD: a quantitative, descriptive-exploratory case study carried out in a large university hospital in two phases: (1) retrospective by consulting administrative records of canceled elective orthopedic surgeries, with provision for the use of consigned materials for identification of the sub-specializations with the greatest demand; and (2) prospective through direct, non-participant observations of processing consigned surgical instruments prepared for the identified surgeries and proposition of a model for calculating waste associated with processing these materials. RESULTS: hip arthroplasty, spine arthrodesis and knee arthroplasty surgeries were identified as presenting the greatest demand, resulting in 854 boxes of consigned surgical instruments processed and unused. Processing waste was estimated at R$34,340.18 (US$6,359.30). CONCLUSION: the proposed equation made it possible to calculate the waste related to the production and non-use of boxes of surgical instruments consigned for orthopedic procedures and can equip nurses for planning based on institutional, care and financial data, aiming to make better use of resources through waste identification.

Propuesta de modelo para el cálculo de desperdicio asociado al procesamiento de instrumental quirúrgico consignado / Model proposal for calculating waste associated with processing consigned surgical instruments / Proposta de modelo para cálculo de desperdício associado ao processamento de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados

Objetivo: evaluar el desperdicio generado por el procesamiento de instrumental quirúrgico consignado en cirugías ortopédicas electivas y proponer un modelo para el cálculo del desperdicio asociado al procesamiento de instrumental quirúrgico consignado. Método: estudio de caso, cuantitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, realizado en un hospital universitario grande, en dos fases: (1) retrospectiva, mediante la consulta de registros administrativos de cirugías ortopédicas electivas canceladas, con previsión de uso de materiales consignados, para identificar las subespecialidades con mayor demanda; y (2) prospectiva, por medio de observaciones directas, no participantes, del procesamiento de instrumental quirúrgico consignado preparado para las cirugías identificadas, y de la propuesta de un modelo para el cálculo del desperdicio asociado al procesamiento de estos materiales. Resultados: se identificaron las cirugías de artroplastia de cadera, artrodesis de columna y artroplastia de rodilla con mayor demanda, resultando en 854 cajas de instrumental quirúrgico consignado procesado y sin uso. El desperdicio del procesamiento se estimó en R$ 34.340,18 (US$ 6,359.30). Conclusión: la ecuación propuesta permitió calcular el desperdicio relacionado con la producción y la no utilización de cajas de instrumental quirúrgico consignado para procedimientos ortopédicos, y puede equipar a los enfermeros para la planificación basada en datos institucionales, asistenciales y financieros, con el objetivo de aprovechar mejor los recursos por medio de la identificación del desperdicio.

Objective: to evaluate the waste generated from processing surgical instruments consigned in elective orthopedic surgeries and propose a model for calculating waste associated with processing consigned surgical instruments. Method: a quantitative, descriptive-exploratory case study carried out in a large university hospital in two phases: (1) retrospective by consulting administrative records of canceled elective orthopedic surgeries, with provision for the use of consigned materials for identification of the sub-specializations with the greatest demand; and (2) prospective through direct, non-participant observations of processing consigned surgical instruments prepared for the identified surgeries and proposition of a model for calculating waste associated with processing these materials. Results: hip arthroplasty, spine arthrodesis and knee arthroplasty surgeries were identified as presenting the greatest demand, resulting in 854 boxes of consigned surgical instruments processed and unused. Processing waste was estimated at R$34,340.18 (US$6,359.30). Conclusion: the proposed equation made it possible to calculate the waste related to the production and non-use of boxes of surgical instruments consigned for orthopedic procedures and can equip nurses for planning based on institutional, care and financial data, aiming to make better use of resources through waste identification.

Objetivo: avaliar o desperdício gerado pelo processamento de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados em cirurgias ortopédicas eletivas e propor um modelo de cálculo de desperdício associado ao processamento de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo-exploratório, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado em hospital universitário de grande porte, em duas fases: (1) retrospectiva pela consulta aos registros administrativos de cirurgias ortopédicas eletivas canceladas, com previsão de uso de materiais consignados para identificação das subespecialidades com maior demanda e (2) prospectiva por meio de observações diretas, não participantes, do processamento de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados preparados para as cirurgias identificadas e proposição de modelo de cálculo de desperdício associado ao processamento desses materiais. Resultados: foram identificadas as cirurgias de artroplastia de quadril, artrodese de coluna e artroplastia de joelho, com maior demanda, resultando em 854 caixas de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados processados e não utilizados. O desperdício do processamento foi estimado em R$ 34.340,18 (US$ 6,359.30). Conclusão: a equação proposta permitiu calcular o desperdício relacionado à produção e não utilização de caixas de instrumentais cirúrgicos consignados para procedimentos ortopédicos e pode instrumentalizar os enfermeiros para o planejamento pautado em dados institucionais, assistenciais e financeiros, visando ao melhor aproveitamento dos recursos através da identificação do desperdício.

Patient participation in surgical site infection prevention: perceptions of nurses, physicians and patients.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception of patients and health professionals regarding patients' participation in surgical site infection prevention. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals in the city of São Paulo, with a convenience sample of 123 patients in the postoperative period of elective surgeries and 92 health professionals (physicians and nurses) acting in direct care of surgical patients. RESULTS: Patients (78.9%) and professionals (79.4%) fully agreed with the importance of patient participation to prevent surgical site infection. The impact of patient participation on infection rates was significant for those undergoing previous surgery (p = 0.021). Patients and professionals disagreed about the best time to prepare the patient about the topic (p<0.001). The participation strategies considered most effective by patients and professionals were, respectively, oral presentation (47.2% and 75%), videos (40.7% and 58.7%) and leaflets (30.9% and 58.7%). CONCLUSION: Patients and health professionals believe that patient participation in surgical site infection prevention is important.

COVID-19 infection in nursing staff: A cohort study.

AIM: This study aims to identify the working conditions of Brazilian nursing professionals and the risk factors for these professionals to become infected by coronavirus disease. BACKGROUND: Understanding the factors that affected nursing professionals during the pandemic can support better nursing management. DESIGN: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional survey study. METHODS: Data collection was carried out between February and March 2022 in Brazil. All nursing professionals registered in the national database received by e-mail the study instrument with the data collection variables: professionals' sociodemographic and comorbid, professional and institutional characteristics, and professionals' health conditions and disease-related aspects for COVID-19. RESULTS: Four thousand eight hundred sixty-two nursing professionals reported a lack of personal protective equipment for patient care, and 4424 were infected by coronavirus disease. The risk factors to become infected were having cardiovascular disease, being under 60 years of age, living in the northern region, using public transportation, working in a hospital, an emergency department or reference institution for COVID-19, living with an infected person and lack of respirators or waterproof aprons. CONCLUSION: Multiple risk factors for infection with SARS-CoV-2 were demonstrated for the nursing professionals during the pandemic, highlighting current and future pandemics factors that are modifiable in a worthwhile time frame to minimize nurses' infection risks, such as inadequate working conditions associated with lack of essential personal protective equipment.

Toalhas impregnadas com gluconato de clorexidina na prevenção da infecção do sítio cirúrgico: ensaio clínico randomizado piloto / Toallas impregnadas con gluconato de clorhexidina en la prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico: ensayo clínico aleatorizado piloto / Chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated cloth in prevention surgical site infection: pilot randomized clinical trial

Resumo Objetivo Comparar o uso de toalhas impregnadas com gluconato de clorexidina 2% e gluconato de clorexidina 2% líquida no preparo pré-operatório da pele para prevenir a ocorrência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas potencialmente contaminadas. Métodos Ensaio clínico randomizado, piloto paralelo, simples-cego composto por 48 pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas potencialmente contaminadas que foram aleatoriamente designados para o grupo intervenção (n=25, toalhas impregnadas com gluconato de clorexidina 2%) e grupo controle (n=23, banho pré-operatório com gluconato de clorexidina líquida 2%). O desfecho primário foi infecção do sítio cirúrgico dentro de 30 dias após a cirurgia. Os pacientes foram instruídos a usar os produtos na noite anterior e na manhã da cirurgia e receberam instruções verbais e escritas sobre o uso. Foram utilizados os testes Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, teste T para duas amostras, Pearson X2 e testes exatos de Fisher, risco relativo (RR) e intervalo de confiança de 95%. O nível de significância para todas as variáveis foi estabelecido em α = 5%. Resultados Oito (16,7%) dos 48 pacientes analisados desenvolveram infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos quanto à incidência de infecção do sítio cirúrgico (RR: 0,92; IC 95%: 0,25-3,25; p=0,898), contudo, não houve casos de infecção do sítio cirúrgico incisional superficial no grupo intervenção. Conclusão O uso de toalhas impregnadas com gluconato de clorexidina 2% para preparo pré-operatório da pele não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significativa na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico em comparação com o uso de banho pré-operatório com gluconato de clorexidina 2% líquida. Registro brasileiro de ensaios clínicos: RBR-8httxs Registrado em ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03813693

Resumen Objetivo Comparar el uso de toallas impregnadas con gluconato de clorhexidina 2 % y gluconato de clorhexidina 2 % líquida en la preparación preoperatoria para prevenir casos de infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes sometidos a cirugías electivas potencialmente contaminadas. Métodos Ensayo clínico aleatorizado, piloto paralelo, simple ciego, compuesto por 48 pacientes sometidos a cirugías electivas potencialmente contaminadas que fueron designados aleatoriamente al grupo experimental (n=25, toallas impregnadas con gluconato de clorhexidina 2 %) y al grupo de control (n=23, baño preoperatorio con gluconato de clorhexidina líquida 2 %). El criterio principal de valoración fue la infección del sitio quirúrgico dentro de los 30 días posteriores a la cirugía. Se instruyó a los pacientes a usar los productos la noche anterior y a la mañana del día de la cirugía y recibieron instrucciones orales y escritas sobre su uso. Se utilizaron las pruebas de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, test-T para dos muestras, χ2 de Pearson y pruebas exactas de Fisher, riesgo relativo (RR) e intervalo de confianza de 95 %. El nivel de significación para todas las variables fue establecido en α = 5 %. Resultados Ocho (16,7 %) de los 48 pacientes analizados presentaron infección del sitio quirúrgico. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos respecto a la incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico (RR: 0,92; IC 95 %: 0,25-3,25; p=0,898). No obstante, no hubo casos de infección del sitio quirúrgico incisional superficial en el grupo experimental. Conclusión El uso de toallas impregnadas con gluconato de clorhexidina 2 % en la preparación preoperatoria de la piel no presentó diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en comparación con el uso del baño preoperatorio con gluconato de clorhexidina 2 % líquida.

Abstract Objective To compare the use of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated cloth and 2% liquid chlorhexidine gluconate in the preoperative skin preparation to prevent the occurrence of surgical site infections in patients undergoing clean-contaminated elective surgeries. Methods Parallel, single-blind, pilot study of the randomized clinical trial (RCT), composed by forty-eight patients underwent clean-contaminated elective surgeries were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=25, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated cloth) and the control group (n=23, pre-operative bathing with 2% liquid chlorhexidine gluconate). The primary outcome was surgical site infection within 30 days after surgery. The patients were instructed to use the products at the night before and at the morning of surgery and received verbal and written instruction on their use. The tests Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Two Sample t-test, Pearson X2 and Fisher's exact tests, risk relative (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. The level of significance for all variables was set at α = 5%. Results 48 patients analyzed, eight (16.7%) developed a surgical site infection. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the incidence of surgical site infection (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.25-3.25; p=0.898), however there were not cases of superficial incisional surgical site infection in the intervention group. Conclusion The use of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated cloth for preoperative skin preparation did not reveal a statistically significant difference in the prevention of surgical site infection compared to the use of pre-operative bathing with 2% liquid chlorhexidine gluconate. Brazilian clinical trial registry: RBR-8httxs Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03813693

Patient participation in surgical site infection prevention: perceptions of nurses, physicians and patients / Participación del paciente en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico: percepciones de enfermeras, médicos y pacientes / Participação do paciente na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico: percepções de enfermeiros, médicos e pacientes

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the perception of patients and health professionals regarding patients' participation in surgical site infection prevention. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals in the city of São Paulo, with a convenience sample of 123 patients in the postoperative period of elective surgeries and 92 health professionals (physicians and nurses) acting in direct care of surgical patients. Results: Patients (78.9%) and professionals (79.4%) fully agreed with the importance of patient participation to prevent surgical site infection. The impact of patient participation on infection rates was significant for those undergoing previous surgery (p = 0.021). Patients and professionals disagreed about the best time to prepare the patient about the topic (p<0.001). The participation strategies considered most effective by patients and professionals were, respectively, oral presentation (47.2% and 75%), videos (40.7% and 58.7%) and leaflets (30.9% and 58.7%). Conclusion: Patients and health professionals believe that patient participation in surgical site infection prevention is important.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de pacientes y profesionales de salud sobre la participación de los pacientes en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico. Método: Estudio transversal realizado en dos hospitales de la ciudad de São Paulo, con una muestra de conveniencia de 123 pacientes en el postoperatorio de cirugías electivas y 92 profesionales de salud (médicos y enfermeros) que actúan en el cuidado directo de pacientes quirúrgicos. Resultados: Los pacientes (78,9%) y los profesionales (79,4%) estuvieron totalmente de acuerdo con la importancia de la participación de los pacientes para prevenir la infección del sitio quirúrgico. El impacto de la participación de los pacientes en las tasas de infección fue significativo para los sometidos a cirugía previa (p = 0,021). Pacientes y profesionales discreparon sobre el mejor momento para preparar al paciente sobre el tema (p < 0,001). Las estrategias de participación consideradas más eficaces por pacientes y profesionales fueron, respectivamente, la presentación oral (47,2% y 75%), los vídeos (40,7% y 58,7%) y los folletos (30,9% y 58,7%). Conclusión: Los pacientes y los profesionales de salud creen que la participación de los pacientes en la prevención de la infección del sitio quirúrgico es importante.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de pacientes e profissionais de saúde sobre a participação dos pacientes na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em dois hospitais da cidade de São Paulo, com amostra por conveniência de 123 pacientes no período pós-operatório de cirurgias eletivas e 92 profissionais de saúde (médicos e enfermeiros) atuantes no cuidado direto a pacientes cirúrgicos. Resultados: Pacientes (78,9%) e profissionais (79,4%) concordaram totalmente com a importância da participação do paciente para a prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico. O impacto da participação do paciente nas taxas de infecção foi significativo para aqueles submetidos à cirurgia prévia (p = 0,021). Pacientes e profissionais discordaram quanto ao melhor momento para preparar o paciente sobre a temática (p<0,001). As estratégias de participação consideradas mais efetivas pelos pacientes e profissionais foram, respectivamente, exposição oral (47,2% e 75%), vídeos (40,7% e 58,7%) e panfletos (30,9% e 58,7%). Conclusão: Pacientes e profissionais de saúde julgam ser importante a participação do paciente na prevenção de infecção do sítio cirúrgico.

Effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation to prevent surgical site infections: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO2 when compared to conventional FiO2 in the prevention of surgical site infection. METHOD: an effectiveness systematic review with meta-analysis conducted in five international databases and portals. The research was guided by the following question: Which is the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO2 (greater than 80%) when compared to conventional FiO2 (from 30% to 35%) in the prevention of surgical site infections in adults? RESULTS: fifteen randomized clinical trials were included. Although all the subgroups presented a general effect in favor of the intervention, colorectal surgeries had this relationship evidenced with statistical significance (I2=10%;X2=4.42; p=0.352). CONCLUSION: inspired oxygen fractions greater than 80% during the perioperative period in colorectal surgeries have proved to be effective to prevent surgical site infections, reducing their incidence by up to 27% (p=0.006). It is suggested to conduct new studies in groups of patients subjected to surgeries from other specialties, such as cardiac and vascular. PROSPERO registration No.: 178,453.

Effect of implementing an anesthesia nurse checklist in a safety and teamwork climate: quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of implementing a Patient safety checklist: nursing in anesthetic procedure on the perception of safety climate and team climate of nurses and anesthesiologists from an operating room. METHOD: Quasi-experimental study held in the operating room of a hospital in Brazil with a sample of nurses and anesthesiologists. The outcome was evaluated through the instruments "Safety Attitudes Questionnaire/Operating Room Version" and "Team Climate Inventory", applied before and after the implementation of a Patient safety checklist: nursing in anesthetic procedure by nurses. The mixed effects linear regression model was used to analyse the effect of the implementation. RESULTS: Altogether, 19 (30.2%) nurses and 44 (69.8%) anesthesiologists participated in the study, implementing the Patient safety checklist: nursing in anesthetic procedure in 282 anesthesias. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire/Operating Room Version score changed from 62.5 to 69.2, with modification among anesthesiologists in the domain "Perception of management" (p = 0.02). Between both professionals, the Team Climate Inventory score increased after the intervention (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The implementation of the Patient safety checklist: nursing in anesthetic procedure changed the perception score of safety and teamwork climate, improving communication and collaborative work.

Perioperative nursing education in Brazil: reviewing the past to survive the future.

OBJECTIVES: to summarize historical aspects related to perioperative nursing education in Brazil and to outline future perspectives. METHODS: a descriptive-reflexive essay about the historical process of Brazilian perioperative teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels. RESULTS: the reflection addresses the historical axes of perioperative nursing, teaching perioperative nursing, curriculum changes, graduate studies and relationship with the perioperative period and trends in perioperative nursing education. Curriculum changes reduced time available for teaching and learning, with a focus on the perioperative period, and diluted contents of surgical nursing in other subjects, which could cause irreversible losses for generalist nurses' training. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: when reviewing historical aspects of national nursing curricula, it was found that the nomenclature perioperative nursing was never used in the curriculum, however, the surgical area has always been contemplated in undergraduate and graduate studies. Future trends indicate the need to integrate themes and prepare professionals with perspectives focused on global health and technology.

Construction and validation of a booklet of perioperative orientation and patient safety.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the development and validation process of a booklet with perioperative guidelines for surgical patients. METHOD: This is a methodological, quantitative study, divided into three stages: narrative review, booklet preparation and validation with 23 judges, nurses specialized in patient safety/perioperative nursing, who answered the online Educational Content Validation Instrument. The booklet was considered valid when each item obtained a Content Validity Index equal to or greater than 0.8. RESULTS: The elaborated material was divided into four items: surgical patient safety; preoperative guidelines; the surgical center; guidelines after surgery. The overall Content Validity Index in the validation with judges was 1.0, considered gold standard. CONCLUSION: The booklet was validated by experts regarding objectives, structure/presentation and relevance.

Instruments to Identify Delirium in Patients Recovering From Anesthesia: A Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: To identify the validated instruments used for screening and detecting postoperative delirium (POD) during Post Anesthesia Recovery (PAR) period, and the incidence and associated risk factors with POD. DESIGN: A scoping review. METHODS: The study search occurred in May 2021 in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science and LILACS databases. Primary studies that used validated instruments for screening and detecting POD in the PAR period were included. FINDINGS: A total of 38 articles were included. The most used instruments were CAM-ICU, Nu-DESC, and RASS. The instruments that screened and detected delirium earliest were the Nu-DESC and CAM-ICU. POD incidence was up to 20% in more than half of the included studies. Cardiovascular comorbidities, chronic kidney disease, low functional reserve, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and postoperative pain were among the primary risk factors. CONCLUSION: The instrumentsshowing the greatest accuracy for screening and detecting POD in the PAR period were the Nu-DESC and CAM-ICU.

Construção e validação de cartilha educativa sobre o uso de imunossupressores no pós transplante renal / Construction and validation of an educational booklet on the use of immunosuppressive drugs after kidney transplantation / Construcción y validación de folleto educativo sobre el uso de inmunosupresores en el postrasplante renal

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar por concordância uma cartilha educativa sobre o uso dos imunossupressores no pós-transplante renal. Método: estudo metodológico, realizado em um ambulatório de acompanhamento de pacientes pós transplantados, no período de dezembro de 2019 a agosto de 2020. Desenvolvido em duas fases: construção da cartilha e validação por concordância do material por juízes especialistas. Foi considerado o nível de concordância de, no mínimo, 80% para se garantir a validação do material. Resultados: dos 30 itens avaliados da cartilha, na primeira fase, 15 foram modificados. Após as modificações do material, na segunda fase, somente um item apresentou valor de concordância inferior a 80%. Conclusão: a cartilha foi validada do ponto de vista de conteúdo e aparência, possibilitando auxílio aos profissionais de saúde no processo de educação em saúde, sendo um alicerce na assistência prestada aos pacientes transplantados renais.

ABSTRACT Objective: Construct and validate by agreement an educational booklet on the use of immunosuppressive drugs after kidney transplantation. Method: Methodological study carried out in an outpatient follow-up clinic for post-transplant patients, from December 2019 to August 2020. It was developed in two phases: construction of the booklet and validation by agreement of the material by expert judges. A minimum level of agreement of 80% was necessary for the validation of the material. Results: Of the 30 items evaluated in the booklet, in the first phase, 15 were modified. After the modifications in the material performed in the second phase, only one item had an agreement value lower than 80%. Conclusion: The booklet was validated in content and appearance. Thus, the material could be used to assist health professionals in the health education process and support the care provided to kidney transplant patients.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir y validar por concordancia un folleto educativo sobre el uso de los inmunosupresores en el postrasplante renal. Método: estudio metodológico, realizado en un ambulatorio de seguimiento de pacientes post-trasplantados, en el periodo diciembre de 2019 a agosto de 2020. Desarrollado en dos fases: construcción del folleto y validación por concordancia del material por jueces especialistas. Se consideró un nivel de concordancia de al menos un 80% para garantizarse la validación del material. Resultados: de los 30 ítems evaluados del folleto en la primera fase, 15 fueron modificados. Después de las modificaciones del material, en la segunda fase, sólo un ítem presentó valor de concordancia inferior a 80%. Conclusión: el folleto fue validado desde el punto de vista del contenido y apariencia, posibilitando auxilio a los profesionales de la salud en el proceso de educación en salud, siendo una piedra angular en la asistencia prestada a los pacientes trasplantados renales.

Factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Nursing professionals: a cross-sectional study. / Fatores associados à contaminação e internação hospitalar por COVID-19 em profissionais de enfermagem: estudo transversal.

OBJECTIVE: to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. METHOD: a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher's, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. RESULTS: the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18; p<0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70; p=0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented.

Role of perioperative nursing in anesthesia: a national overview.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the actions performed by the operating room nurse during anesthesia and their behavior for patient safety regarding the reporting on adverse events, and to analyze their knowledge about anesthetic practices. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study carried out using an electronic questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic, professional practice, knowledge in anesthesia, patient safety, and professional practice questions, conducted from January to March 2019 with operating room nurses. RESULTS: One hundred nurses participated, 89 (89%) being women, with a mean age of 41.09 years (SD = 9.36), time of undergraduate completion of 14.33 years (SD = 8.34). The average attendance was 4.69 operating rooms (SD = 2.07) per nurse, with an emphasis on action before induction (49; 49%). Professionals reported performance of simultaneous activities (72; 72%) and insufficient number of employees (57; 57%) as difficulties of their daily practice. Among the participants, 77 (77%) correctly cited the periods of general anesthesia and 80.4% always reported the occurrence of an adverse event. CONCLUSION: Nurses identified their role in anesthesia, with limitations for assistance from multiple activities and lack of professionals.

Noise reduction in the ICU: a best practice implementation project.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep deprivation is a relevant problem among patients hospitalized in ICUs. Further, noise is the most critical disruptive factor according to patients. OBJECTIVE: To implement scientific evidence-based best practices for noise control in an adult ICU. METHODS: This was an evidence-based implementation project of best practices in noise control, conducted in a high-complexity hospital's adult ICU. The intervention consisted of three steps: baseline audit and identification of barriers, implementation of best practices, and a follow-up audit. RESULTS: No compliance with best practices was detected in the baseline audit. After the implementation phase, the unit reached compliance levels of 78-88% for most of these criteria only one criterion related to noise level did not match the expected compliance. CONCLUSION: Adherence to best practices regarding noise control was satisfactory, achieving more than 70% compliance in the six audit criteria. Only the noise level did not reach the threshold recommended by the WHO - a difficulty reported in other studies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Best practices related to noise control are essential for managing sleep deprivation in ICUs and include changes in the behaviour of involved professionals.

Percepção de pacientes e cirurgiões quanto à autodemarcação do sítio cirúrgico para cirurgia eletiva: um estudo piloto / Perception of patients and surgeons regarding self-demarcation of surgical sites for elective surgery: a pilot study / Percepción de pacientes y cirujanos sobre la autodemarcación del sitio quirúrgico para cirugía electiva: un estudio piloto

Objetivo: Mensurar a taxa de precisão na autodemarcação da lateralidade realizada pelo paciente cirúrgico eletivo no período pré-operatório imediato e analisar a percepção do paciente e do médico-cirurgião diante dessa prática. Método: Estudo transversal desenvolvido de junho a dezembro de 2018, em um hospital privado do Sul do Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 105 pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos de órgãos ambíguos, que responderam a um questionário sobre a demarcação do sítio cirúrgico. Os dados foram avaliados por meio de análise descritiva. Resultados: Foram analisados 105 questionários, dos quais três foram excluídos por estar incompletos, dessa forma, a amostra foi composta por 102 documentos. Todos os pacientes realizaram a autodemarcação no local correto. Dentre os participantes, 93% dos pacientes e 99% dos cirurgiões relataram sentirem-se seguros quanto à autodemarcação. Conclusão: A autodemarcação pode constituir uma complementação na prática assistencial, consistindo em mais uma barreira de segurança e promovendo a participação do paciente como agente de cuidado, porém não substitui a confirmação pelo cirurgião no período pré-operatório.

Objective: To measure the accuracy rate in the self-demarcation of laterality performed by elective surgery patients in the immediate preoperative period and to analyze the perception of patients and surgeons regarding this practice. Method: Cross-sectional study developed from June to December 2018, in a private hospital in southern Brazil. The sample consisted of 105 patients undergoing elective surgical procedures for ambiguous organs, who answered a questionnaire about the demarcation of the surgical site. Data were evaluated using descriptive analysis. Results: 105 questionnaires were analyzed, of which three were excluded because they were incomplete, thus, the sample consisted of 102 documents. All patients performed the self-demarcation in the correct site. Among participants, 93% of patients and 99% of surgeons reported feeling confident about self-demarcation. Conclusion: Self-demarcation may complement care practice, consisting of another safety barrier and promoting the patient's participation as a care agent, but it does not replace confirmation by the surgeon in the preoperative period.

Objetivos: Medir el índice de acierto en la autodemarcación de lateralidad realizada por el paciente quirúrgico electivo en el preoperatorio inmediato y analizar la percepción del paciente y del cirujano respecto a esta práctica. Método: Estudio transversal, desarrollado de junio a diciembre de 2018, en un hospital privado del sur de Brasil. La muestra estuvo conformada por 105 pacientes sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos electivos porórganos ambiguos, quienes respondieron un cuestionario sobre la demarcación del sitio quirúrgico. Los datos se evaluaron mediante análisis descriptivo. Resultados: se analizaron 105 cuestionarios, de los cuales se excluyeron tres por estar incompletos, por lo que la muestra estuvo conformada por 102 documentos. Todos los pacientes realizaron la autodemarcación en el lugar correcto. Entre los participantes, el 93% de los pacientes y el 99% de los cirujanos informaron sentirse seguros con la práctica de la autodemarcación. Conclusión: La autodemarcación puede ser un complemento a la práctica asistencial, siendo una barrera más de seguridad y promoviendo la participación del paciente como agente asistencial, pero no reemplaza la confirmación por parte del cirujano en el preoperatorio.